Die so genannte „Riester-Rente“ bezeichnet eine vom Staat geförderte Form der Altersvorsorge in Deutschland. Diese privat Rente in freiwillig. Die staatliche Förderung setzt sich aus der Grundzulage und der Kinderzulage zusammen. Förderberechtigt ist, wer in der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung pflichtversichert ist. Darüber hinaus sind Beamte, Richter, Berufs-, Zeitsoldaten förderberechtigt. Nicht förderberechtige Personen können jedoch trotzdem die Riester-Rente nutzen, wenn der Ehepartner förderberechtigt ist.
Es gibt unterschiedliche Varianten von Riester Verträgen:
- Riester-Rentenversicherung, klassisch
- Riester-Rentenversicherung, fondsgebunden
- Riester-Fondssparplan
- Riester-Banksparplan
Auszahlung mit Auszahlungsplan:
Für die unterschiedlichen Sparvarianten kann auch ein Auszahlungsplan vereinbart werden. Die Auszahlung erfolgt dann gleichmäßig über einen bestimmten Zeitraum (bis maximal zum 85. Lebensjahr). Dann muss jedoch zu Beginn der Auszahlungsphase ein Teil des Vermögens in die Rentenvesicherung eingezahlt werden. Dafür wird dann nach dem 85. Lebensjahr eine monatliche Rente ausbezahlt.
Altersvorsorge für Angestellte:
Die Riester Rente kann jedoch nur von Angestellten in Anspruch genommen werden. Selbständige können jedoch auf eine Rürup-Rente bauen.
Pro:
- Staatlich gefördert
- Relativ sichere Anlageform
- Vermögen, das sich in einem Riester-Vertrag befindet, bleibt bei längerer Arbeitslosigkeit (ALG II) bei der Anrechnung von Vermögen unberücksichtigt
- Strenge Verbraucherschutzvorschriften
Kontra:
- Transparenz: Man weiß nicht worin der Staat das Angesparte Geld investiert
- Inflation: Sollte die Inflation stark ansteigen, dann sind eingezahlte Beiträge u.U. nicht mehr viel wert
- Beim Abschluss eines Riester-Vertrages fallen in der Regel relativ hohe Gebühren an (ca. 5%). Diese müssen als zu Beginn meist abbezahlt werden. Das bedeutet, dass erst nach der Rückzahlungsphase der Gebühren Vermögen angespart wird
- Auszahlung I: Ist man zum Zeitpunkt der Auszahlung freiwillig versichert werden Beiträge zur KV und PV abgezogen
- Auszahlung II: ist man zum Zeitpunkt der Auszahlung Familienversichert, zahlt man auch KV und PV Beiträge
- Auszahlung III: Liegt der Hauptwohnsitz des Sparers bei der Auszahlung der Rente im Ausland, so müssen die erhaltenen Steuervorteile sowie Zulagen vom Staat zurückbezahlt werden
- Anfängliche Teilauszahlung und laufende Rentenzahlungen sind voll steuerpflichtig
Fazit:
Wer im Rentenalter unter der Grundsicherung bleibt, hat unter Umständen nichts von seiner zusätzlichen Rente (Grundsicherung variiert je nach Wohnort. Bundesdurchschnitt ~703 Euro). Bei Familien mit Kindern lohnt sich ein Riester Vertrag eher, da die Fördersumme auch maßgeblich von der Anzahl der Kinder abhängig ist.
Ob und wie sich der Abschluss eines Riester Vertrages für den Einzelnen lohnt, kann man schnell und einfach erfahren, indem man einen Riester-Rechner, wie er etwa auf zu finden ist, einsetzt. Grundätzlich lässt sich dabei sagen, dass sich riestern für jeden Arbeitnehmer lohnt, der zulagenberechtigt ist, also die staatlichen Förderungen mitnehmen kann. Seit Januar 2008 gelten hierfür übrigens neue Höchsbeträge und Zulagensummen!
Der Artikel hat es auf den Punk gebracht. Ich denke, das nur noch wenige eine Riester Rente abschließen werden.
Gruß Carsten
welches modell man beim abschluss einer riester-rente wählen sollte und wovon das abhängig ist, ist hier in einer übersicht ganz gut erklärt:
Grüße
Alex
ich habe mir den Artikel mal durchgelesen und bin nicht mit allem Einig. Insbesondere die Kontra- Punkte sind nicht abschließend richtig – und ich bin auch nicht für eine “Überversicherung” und einem “Allumfassenden Versicherungs- und Absicherungsschutz”!! – Beweis: fordere mein GRATIS-eBook “Welche Versicherung Sie wirklich benötigen – und welche Sie getrost kündigen können” auf http://www.1aVersicherung.net an. Doch nun zum Thema:
Transparenz: Man weiß nicht worin der Staat das Angesparte Geld investiert:
Hinweis: der Staat investiert bei einem Riester-Vertrag gar nicht;s. Die Anlagen und auch die Zulagen werden direkt in dem gewählten Riester-Modell angelegt – aber nicht beim Staat!
Inflation: Wie bei allen Spar und Anlageformen darf man die Inflation nicht vernachlässigen, insbesondere bei langfristigen Anlagen! Wer jedoch bei einem Riester-Sparplan z.B. in einen Fondsparplan investiert, ist im Sachwertbereich investiert – und das ist Inflationsgeschützt!
Abschlusskosten von 5%: richtig ist, dass die Versicherungen und Vermittler für den Verkauf natürlich bezahlt werden. Mein Motto ist jedoch schon seit langem: “Lieber mit Gebühren Reich, als Arm ohne Gebühren!” – Meine Erfahrung ist, z.B. bei Investmentfonds, dass die Fonds mit hohen Gebühren in der Regel Ihr Geld wert sind und es nicht nötig haben, ihre Qualität zu “verramschen”.
…. so gibt es sicher noch eine Reihe von weiteren Punkten, die noch richtig zu stellen wären.
PS: ich hab auf meiner Seite auch interessante Artikel, die etwas ausgeglichener und fachlich richtiger die Sache darstellen .-)
Es gäbe dann auch noch das Konzept Wohn-Riester, also jene Riester-Rente von der Bausparkasse, die zusätzlich zu der staatlichen Riester Förderung auch noch Wohnungsbauprämie erhält. Vielleicht überzeugt das ja den einen oder anderen, der mit dem abstrakten Begriff der “Altersrente” nicht so recht was anfangen kann, aber durchaus eine kleine Wohnung sein Eigen nennen möchte.
Als einer der ersten Anbieter hat Schwäbisch Hall ein Wohn-Riester Angebot erdacht:
Hallo, wie Jan schon erwähnt hat, gibt es ja auch noch die Moglichleit der Eigenheim-Rente! Auf http://www.riestermeister.de kann man sich genauer darüber informieren. Es gibt auch einen Podcast zum Thema Riester!
Schöne Grüße! Gerhard
Bin zur Zeit mit meinem Auszahlungsplan der Sparkasse … beschäftigt.
Es gibt nur zwei Wahlmöglichkeiten, Versicherung oder Banksparplan, die beide nicht optimal sind!
Bei der Umwandlung in eine private Versicherung ist der mtl. Auszahlungsbeitrag zwar Höher, aber die garantierte Leistung nur 10 Jahre, dann ist das Geld im Todesfall weg! Keine Hinterbliebenen Absicherung.
Im Fall eines Bankauszahlungsplanes gibt es Garantie der Raten bis zum 85. Lebensjahr. Aber nun der Haken an dem Riester Vertrag. Die Bank schließt mit einer Versicherung einen Vertrag zur lebenslangen Zahlung der Raten ab, der Sparer muss aber vorher
einen relativ hohen Anteil von seinem gesparten Geld in eine Versicherung Übertragen, die erst nach dem 85. Lebensjahr greift, natürlich lebenslang!
Wie viel Menschen (Männer) werden überhaupt so alt !!!
Auch nach der Vorhersage zur statistischen Lebenserwartung Vorhersage ist das das Gewinn für die Versicherung.
Dieser Artikel ist ja mehr als schlecht recherchiert! Siggi hat vollkommen Recht. Darüber hinaus sind Rentenleistungen aus einem Riestervertrag nicht sozialabgabenpflichtig, sei denn der Vertrag ist über den Arbeitgeber abgeschlossen!
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